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Author: rpuri

Adaptation Atlas is a Positive Step Towards Climate Resilient Agriculture

Written by rpuri on . Posted in Feature.

Guest Author

Dr. Himanshu Pathak, Secretary (DARE) and Director General-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), India

Photo: Nirmal Sigtia (IWMI)

India holds an impressive record in agricultural production. We are among the largest producers of milk, pulses, tea, spices, cashew, jute, and bananas. Additionally, we rank as the second-largest producer of wheat, rice, fruits, and vegetables. Our agricultural sector has experienced notable growth, with production increasing from 3 to 127 times since the 1970s. We have also witnessed a substantial boost in agricultural productivity, with yields per hectare rising from 0.7 to 2.3 tons during the same period.

Despite these achievements, we face pressing challenges that threaten our agricultural landscape. Water scarcity, soil degradation, pest and disease outbreaks, and the intensifying impacts of climate change need urgent attention.

In India, we observe that minimum temperatures are rising faster than maximum temperatures. We also witness a more pronounced temperature increase during the rabi (winter) season than the kharif (monsoon) season. Rainfall is becoming more variable with increasing episodes of extreme rainfall. These climate risks increase our food and livelihood insecurity.

Dr. Himanshu Pathak, Secretary (DARE) and Director General-Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), India

We need advanced technological interventions and optimized resource allocation to address these challenges. Our development path, “Amrit Kaal,” necessitates climate-friendly practices prioritizing low carbon, water, nitrogen, and energy usage. To further realize this vision, adopting 5Ms based on better markets, regional planning for monsoons, improved mechanization, management of micro-irrigation and new fertilizers, and mainstreaming the insurance would be pivotal.  

India has undertaken research, development, and policy initiatives to build resilience in our food production system. However, the growing challenges of climate extremes demand sustained global efforts. The Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) therefore, welcomes international collaboration to exchange experiences and knowledge in climate action. We believe that collective efforts and shared expertise will strengthen our adaptation strategies.

In this regard, the Adaptation Atlas project can play a vital role. ICAR is glad to support ACASA and will deploy a team of young scientists to contribute to and benefit from this Adaptation Atlas. Furthermore, we are pleased to offer our website as a platform to host the Atlas, facilitating its broader utilization within our country. We thank BISA and BMGF for initiating this project in India.

Together, let us pave the way toward a climate-resilient future for agriculture, safeguarding our farmers’ livelihoods and securing food for future generations.

CIMMYT-BISA hosts exposure visit for Bangladesh delegates in Ludhiana, Punjab 

Written by rpuri on . Posted in News.

By

Ravi Gopal Singh, Raju Singh, Pradeep Bhati, Lalit Sharma, and Richa Sharma Puri

Small and micro agriculture machinery manufacturers from Bangladesh visit the BISA farm in Ludhiana, Punjab, India   

BISA envisages attracting countries from South Asia, BIMSTEC, SAARC, National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS), national research institutes, private sector companies, and civil society organizations as active partners for expanding reach in the region. In September 2022, a high-level meeting was held in New Delhi where delegates from Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, India, and Bangladesh. All countries expressed a significant need to raise their capacity of young researchers in advanced research techniques related to genomics, phenotyping, climate-smart agriculture, precision agriculture, and digital technologies. Therefore, in continuation of that commitment,  a team of small and micro agricultural machinery business owners from Bangladesh visited BISA Ludhiana.   

A group of 34 manufacturers visited BISA’s state-of-the-art farm in Ludhiana on the 6th and 12th of July 2023 with CIMMYT Bangladesh Team under Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia- Mechanization and Extension Activity (CSISA-MEA)

Direct Seeded Rice Field Visit by the participants at BISA farm in Ludhiana

The exposure visit started with a warm welcome by Dr. Raju Singh, Station Coordinator, at BISA farm in Ludhiana. He talked briefly about the vision, mission, and partnerships of CIMMYT/BISA/ICAR with national agricultural research systems. Later, Dr. Raju with Dr. Lalit, Technical Co-ordinator shared the importance of Direct Seeded Rice Technology and machine transplanted rice and its benefit over manually transplanted rice. Participants also got the opportunity to visit the weed-free Direct Seeded Rice field, mechanically transplanted rice field and cover crop field. The visit was planned to sensitise the visitors about the diverse and advanced technologies and best practices adopted by BISA at its research farm in collaboration with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and the state government of Punjab. Spread in 500 acres in Ladhowal Ludhiana, BISA aims to harness the latest genetic, digital, and resource management technologies and use research for development approaches to invigorate the region’s agriculture and food systems while enhancing productivity, resilience, livelihood, and nutrition security to meet future demands.

The group’s tour included visits to different facilities of the farm like various wheat research trials, molecular laboratory, Precision Nitrogen Nutrition facility, seed processing unit, and farm machinery section. They also learned about the varietal diversity, precision agriculture, climate resilient production systems, farm topography, smart mechanization, and partnerships of BISA with other institutions that support leveraging international agricultural research.  

   Group visits different facilities at BISA research station in Ludhiana, Punjab 

While showing the farm facility, Dr. Pradeep Bhati, Wheat Breeder at BISA gave details of all the wheat growing zones in India and BISA’s three mega wheat growing zones (BISA Ludhiana: NWPZ, BISA Pusa: NEPZ and BISA Jabalpur: CZ).  Further, he detailed wheat research trials conducted at all BISA sites. He shared that more than 16,000 entries and >20,000 plots were planted at the Ludhiana farm during the 2022-23 season and the same were planted at other BISA sites too. He also explained about South Asia Bread Wheat Genomic Prediction yield trials which were conducted in three farms of BISA (Ludhiana, Jabalpur and Pusa), 10 national partners sites in India, two locations in Pakistan, one site in Bangladesh, two locations in Nepal and eight environments in CIMMYT Obregon Mexico. Dr. Pradeep also gave an overview of the yellow rust screening trials. He explained that more than 10,000 lines were screened for yellow rust every year at BISA Ludhiana, and the same lines were screened for spot blotch at BISA, Pusa in Bihar. The participants also gained an understanding of how all research trials are planted mechanically except two-row stripe rust screening nurseries with high precision and would get harvested by wintersteiger mechanically.

BISA, in the last decade, has focused on mechanization to increase overall profitability, productivity and input use efficiency. Thus, having a significant positive impact on Indian agriculture. BISA displayed innovative farm machinery, digital tools and equipment used in farming with the latest technology. Participants got the opportunity to visit the machinery section and the BISA team explained all machinery functions and calibrations. The participants showed interest in technologies and agricultural machinery being used in BISA farms.

ICAR representatives visit ‘BISA Research Farm’ in Punjab

Written by rpuri on . Posted in Feature, News.

By Dr.Uttam Kumar and Pradeep Bhati

May 15, 2023

Dr.  T. R. Sharma DDG (Crop Science) and Dr. R. K. Singh, ADG ICAR, at BISA research farm in Ludhiana. Photo by – Avdhesh Kumar BISA

Representatives from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) visited the BISA research farm in Ludhiana on April 7, 2023. Dr. T.R.Sharma, Deputy Director General (Crop Science), ICAR was joined by Dr. R.K.Singh, Additional Director General, ICAR. 

The ICAR representatives did a tour of the farm which is spread over 500 acres of land. Their tour included visits to different facilities of the farm like various wheat research trials, molecular laboratory, Precision Nitrogen Nutrition facility, seed processing unit, and farm machinery section.

Dr. Uttam Kumar explains about the Genomic selection trial’s average yield in last 9 years at all BISA sites

Dr. Uttam Kumar, Wheat Breeder at BISA farm in Ludhiana gave a brief talk on the vision, mission and partnerships of CIMMYT-BISA-ICAR with National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS). Further, he explained in detail about research trials planted at all BISA sites. He shared that a total of 16787 entries and 19256 plots were planted at the Ludhiana farm during the 2022-23 season. He also explained about South Asia Bread Wheat Genomic Prediction yield trials which were planted in three farms of BISA (Ludhiana, Jabalpur and Pusa), two locations of  Pakistan, one site of Bangladesh, two locations in Nepal and eight environments in CIMMYT Obregon Mexico. He also showed them the various wheat research trials viz; BNI, SABWGPYT, IYTs, EPC and other stripe rust screening nurseries.

Dr.Uttam also gave an overview of the yellow rust screening trials. He explained that more than 10,000 lines were screened every year at BISA Ludhiana and the same lines were screened for spot blotch at BISA Pusa in Bihar.

Dr. Uttam talks about double plot planter and wintersteiger (right) for precision planting and harvesting at BISA

The ICAR representatives also gained an understanding of how all research trials are planted mechanically except two-row stripe rust screening nurseries with high precision and would get harvested by wintersteiger mechanically.

Dr.T.R.Sharma showed special interest in the BNI project and other breeding efforts on heat tolerance in wheat. He also appreciated the digitization of some operations in precision phenotyping at BISA farms.

“It was an excellent visit and I am very impressed by the large-scale experiments that are being done at BISA farms in India. BISA’s program on crop improvement and resource management being implemented through minimal staff strength is commendable. BISA’s contribution to the national research agenda and immense support to NARS in a big way is highly praiseworthy” said Dr. T. R. Sharma.

South Asia to Get its First Climate Adaptation Atlas in Agriculture

Written by rpuri on . Posted in News.

BISA-CIMMYT in collaboration with NARS to develop its first Atlas of Climate Adaptation in South Asian Agriculture

By Richa Sharma Puri & Riya Gupta

Inaugural session for the inception meeting of ACASA with distinguished guests from South Asian countries

April 25, 2023, New Delhi: South Asia has diverse climatic zones given its vast physical landscape. However, the region constantly displays the impact of climate change, where the melting of the glaciers, rising sea levels, soil erosion, water intrusion, and forest fires are worsening the overall situation. These global climatic changes are intensifying the stresses on the most marginalized communities living in South Asia, who are dependent on agriculture, forestry, and fishing for their everyday needs.

Considering this, the Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA) organised an inception meeting to develop an Atlas of Climate Adaptation in South Asian Agriculture (ACASA) in collaboration with the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) of the region. It aims at improving access to climate risk and solution option analytics for South Asian countries. To discuss ACASA, a 3-day inception meeting was held in Delhi, marked by 70 distinguished guests from Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and India discussing the various aspects of Atlas.

The inaugural session featured remarks from Dr. Arun Kumar Joshi, Managing Director, CIMMYT-BISA; Dr. Pramod Aggarwal, Regional Program Leader, CIMMYT-BISA and ACASA Leader; Dr. Purvi Mehta, Director, BMGF; Dr. Tess Russo, Senior Program Officer, BMGF; Dr. Hasan Md. Hamidur Rahman, Director, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC); Dr. Tika Ram Chapagain, Director, Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC); Dr. P Malathy, DG-Agriculture, Sri Lanka; and Dr. Himanshu Pathak, Secretary-DARE and DG Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), India.

Noting the significance of ACASA, Dr. Pramod Aggarwal, Regional Program Leader, BISA, and ACASA Leader said, “In the face of climate change, countries should pay attention to adaptation policies, and ACASA, when completed in 2025, will provide essential tools to governments, donors, and entities to prioritise investments and enhance the resilience of vulnerable communities to climatic risks”.

Noting the multidimensional nature of ACASA, Dr. Purvi Mehta, Director, BMGF, said, “As South Asia hosts 43% of the world’s farmers, most of its food production is dependent on rainfed agriculture. Research shows climate change entails risks for both farmers and agricultural productivity. Aspects such as food production, food quality, and the income of farmers will all have a significant impact on enhancing productivity. The adaptation of Atlas is hence pivotal in keeping ecological and economic aspects in place”.

Also added Dr. Tess Russo, Senior Program Officer, BMGF: “Solutions must be robust to mitigate climate change hazards. Through the involvement of NARS, we will have better access to data, and as users, we can address what of the problem. Scientists and researchers will further investigate how to address these problems. Thus, ACASA is all of yours, and we will start building it together”.

Looking at de-risking agriculture from the impact of climate change, Dr. Himanshu Pathak, Secretary-DARE and DG Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), India, said, “The Indian market has taken a lot of initiatives, such as climate resilient crop varieties with promising resilient technologies, which have led to increased agricultural productivity of 3–127 times to this end. However, we are still losing yield and livelihoods, the risks are aggravating, and we need more sophisticated technological interventions. ACASA is a welcome step in that direction. A risk and adaptation Atlas would be particularly useful. ICAR is committed to deploying a team of young scientists to implement Atlas at the national level”.

“As a repository of knowledge and best practices, the Atlas is a collaborative effort mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture”, added further Dr. Hasan Md. Hamidur Rahman, Director, BARC.

From Sri Lanka, Dr. P Malathy, DG-Agriculture, also added “Understanding the spatial and temporal dimensions of climate change would need an evidence-based solution such as ACASA “.

“To tackle global warming, the government of Nepal is implementing various climate change programmes. A common approach like ACASA could be rewarding for the region and country” added Dr. Tika Ram Chapagain, Director, NARC.

Broadly, the cohort at ACASA pondered on the available tools, data, climate hazards and their impacts and adaptation options that can mitigate the negative impacts. The Atlas also proposed to focus on several use cases such as by governments and NGOs in investment prioritisation, insurance industry for business opportunities and food supply sector for ensuring risk free supply chains. In the end, teams at BISA came out with country-specific work plans with detailed activities, timelines, deliverables, and agreed methodology.